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Overview

General Formal Ontology (GFO)

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14 Ontologically Basic Relations and Basic Categories

Sections 5 to 13 presented several categories of entities, reticently accompanied by formal relations among entities of these categories. We consider some of these formal relations as basic relations that will not be defined explicitly, but which must be characterized axiomatically. We briefly summarize important representatives of formal relations in the GFO in the following subsections.

• 14.1 Entity and Existential Dependency
• 14.2 Set and Set-theoretical Relations
• 14.3 Instantiation and Categories
• 14.4 Property Relations
• 14.5 Parthood Relation
  • 14.5.1 Abstract and Domain-specific Part-of Relations
  • 14.5.2 Part-of Relation for Sets
  • 14.5.3 Part-of-Relations for Time and Space
  • 14.5.4 Part-of Relation for Material Structures
  • 14.5.5 Part-of-Relation for Processes
  • 14.5.6 Role-of
  
  
• 14.6 Boundaries, Coincidence, and Adjacence
• 14.7 Relation of Concrete Individuals to Space and Time
  • 14.7.1 Material Structures
  • 14.7.2 Processes
  • 14.7.3 Framing
  
  
• 14.8 Participation
• 14.9 Association
• 14.10 Ontical Connectedness
• 14.11 Causality